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Least count is the smallest value any instrument can read or measure. You may hear of vernier calliper of least count 0.02 mm, which means the minimum value vernier can measure is 0.02 mm.
You can’t measure a value less than 0.02 mm with this vernier calliper. The same thing applied to all other instruments, a usual scale of least count of 1 mm, can measure a minimum length of 1 mm only.
Vernier Caliper is a widely used linear measurement instrument with the least count of 0.02 mm. It is used to measure linear dimensions like length, diameter, and depth.
Let’s discuss common Mechanical measuring instruments with their least count (Considering least count of commonly used instruments, you may find changes in special cases)
Instruments
Least count
Vernier Caliper
0.02 mm
Digital Caliper
0.01 mm
Outsite Micrometre
0.01 mm
Vernier Micrometre
0.001 mm
Digital Micrometre
0.001 mm
Vernier Depth gauge
0.02 mm
Vernier Height Gauge
0.02 mm
Electronic Height Gauge
0.001 or 0.0001 mm
Glass scale
0.1 mm
Steel scale
1 mm
Bevel Protractor
5′ (5 second)
Depth Micrometer
0.01 mm
Digital Protractor
0.1 degree
Pressure gauge
1 bar
Digital Pressure gauge
0.01 bar
Pressure Calibrator
0.001 bar or 0.0001 bar
Laser Interferometer
0.1 nm (nanometre)
Dial gauge
0.01 mm
Measuring tape
1 mm
There is a lot more, please comment below if you are looking for the least count of any instrument.
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Material science has always a topic of research and fascination, about how a single atom has so many properties that can alter the whole tensile as well as the ultimate strength of a material such as cement or concrete which is used build skyscrapers …yes the same you watch in Hollywood movies.