Source: A Case study on reduction of Harmful Emission from Exhaust in I.C. Engine
Volume 3, Issue 10, October 2015
IPASJ International Journal of Mechanical Engineering (IIJME)
Kavi Saxena
(Patel College of Science and Technology, Bhopal)
This specific case study is an experimental based study in which the conclusions are made after the experiment of a reduction in exhaust gas emission using magnetic flux.
During the combustion phenomena, proper combustion in the course of great concern. Better the combustion, lesser would be the number of harmful gases like CO, oxides of nitrogen (NOx), CO2, oxides of sulfur, and unburnt hydrocarbons. This turns out to be the result of adequate atomization.
The undesirable emissions produced at the time of combustion contaminate the surrounding and causes issues like global warming, pollution, smog, and several health hazards. Earlier, the automobiles were developed having the exhaust system with a minor impact on the atmosphere.
But later on, as the technology caught the hype, it started affecting the environment more. So, the treatment of exhaust gases is taken into consideration which principally consists of the employment of thermal or chemical process converters and particulate traps.
Two prominent engine emissions are exhaust and non-exhaust emissions.
Exhaust emissions include:
- Hydrocarbons: When fuel molecules do not burn or burn partially, results in hydrocarbon emissions. On reacting with nitrogen oxide it forms ground-level ozone, an element of pollution. Ozone causes irritation in the eyes, affect the lungs, and aggravates metabolism issues.
- Oxides of Nitrogen: They are responsible for contributing to air pollution.
- Carbon Monoxide: The product of incomplete combustion and transpires when carbon within the fuel is partly altered instead of fully modify to carbon dioxide. It curtails the flow of oxygen within the blood and is especially hazardous to persons with heart disease.
- Carbonic Acid: This pollutant doesn’t have a direct impact on human health but, it’s a “greenhouse gas” that traps the earth’s heat and gives rise to global warming.
MAGNETIC FLUX ON EXHAUST GAS EMISSIONS:
This experiment is conducted on different bikes of different configurations and performance like exhaust gas emission of petrol engine by victimization magnetic field is studied.
Firstly, the bike model- ‘Hero Honda Passion professional 100cc’ is taken.
Engine Specifications:
Type- one Cylinder engine
4- Stroke petrol Engine
Cooling- air-cooled
Procedure: The whole experimental procedure is depicted here, step by step.
- The fuel pipe which is connecting the fuel tank of a motorbike to the carburetor is to be taken away.
- Soak the carburetor.
- Take a reasonable amount of fuel during a plastic bottle, that has a small low saline pipe joined to its gap.
- Place the probe of Exhaust Gas instrument inside the exhaust manifold of a motorbike to require the readings of CO and Hydrocarbons within the emissions.
- Fasten a combination of magnets on the wood fixture, around the pipe.
- Pass the fuel again and take the reading on EGA.
- Recount the process for two and three pairs.
- Note down all the readings and make keen observations on the changes in readings with and without magnetic effect. Experimental results showed that for bikes like Passion professional, Discover 100T, Platina, and Hunk, the amount of CO decreases by 23.40%, 12.5%, 42.82%, and 48.57% respectively when magnetic flux was taken in use. Furthermore, the percentage of HC decreases by 13.75%, 61.82%, 34.45%, and 37.5% for the above-mentioned models, respectively due to magnetic flux.
To increase the combustion, the oxidation process of organic compound fuel is required to be enhanced. The idea of using magnetic flux arises from there. The magnetization of fuel breaks down the organic compound’s bonds and chains which further ends up in the improved promotion of oxidization.
Resource: